Probing Whether Phthalates Affect Human Breast Cancer. A three-year $1.5 million grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences will enable a research team from the University of Massachusetts Amherst to study whether phthalates affect human breast cancer risk. Prof. Katherine Reeves of the UMass School of Public Health will lead the team in […]
Probing Whether Phthalates Affect Human Breast Cancer. A three-year $1.5 million grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences will enable a research team from the University of Massachusetts Amherst to study whether phthalates affect human breast cancer risk.
Prof. Katherine Reeves of the UMass School of Public Health will lead the team in investigating a possible relationship between phthalates-widely used plasticizing and solvent chemicals-and breast cancer risk, according to a university news release.
Phthalates are found in a wide variety of products including cosmetics, shampoo, flooring, medical tubing, plastic packaging (including food and blood-storage containers), and some children’s toys. Phthalates are added to products increase flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. Reeves and her colleagues will study phthalate metabolites, which are products found in urine samples after the chemicals have passed through the body. Measurable phthalate levels are found in nearly 100 percent of the United States population though the levels vary widely. Phthalate metabolites have been reported in human breast milk. Until now, only a handful of small studies have looked at whether phthalates affect human breast cancer risk and none have measured phthalate metabolites before a cancer diagnosis, the news release explains.
In addition to Reeves, the research team includes biologist Thomas Zoeller, an expert in endocrine-disrupting chemicals, epidemiologist Sue Hankinson, and biostatistician Carol Bigelow. They will analyze levels of 11 phthalate metabolites in urine samples from 500 women diagnosed with invasive beast cancer after Year 3 of follow-up and in 1,000 healthy matched controls in a prospective study within the Women’s Health Initiative. Reeves says that because the samples “were given many years before any sign of disease appeared,” this study will give “much stronger evidence in terms of causality than studies using another design.” Researchers will also analyze three stored urine samples-from baseline, Year 1 and Year 3. They will be able to address variation in phthalate exposure. By measuring excreted products rather than phthalates themselves, the researchers can be confident that they are measuring personal exposure rather than laboratory or other contamination.
At this point, the scientific evidence on phthalate exposure risk is unclear and Reeves says with this study the researchers hope to provide either “reassurance or solid evidence of cause for concern,” according to the news release.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is concerned about phthalates because of evidence of pervasive human and environmental exposure to these chemicals. Phthalates are used in a wide variety of industrial and consumer products, many of which pose potentially high exposure to the chemicals. The EPA reports that phthalates have been detected in food-they are used in coatings in food packaging-and also measured in humans. Studies have shown that phthalates have adverse effects on the development of the reproductive system in male laboratory animals. According to the EPA, several studies have shown associations between phthalate exposures and human health, although no causal link has been established. Recently, scientific attention has focused on whether the cumulative effect of several phthalates may multiply the reproductive effects in the organism exposed.
The personal injury attorneys at Parker Waichman LLP offer free, no-obligation case evaluations. For more information, fill out our online contact form or call 1-800-YOURLAWYER (1-800-968-7529).